December 1726-1732 A.D. Paisius II—Constantinople’s 219th;
Paisius II of
Constantinople
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Paisius II
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Church
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In office
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20 Nov 1726 – Sept 1732
August 1740 – May 1743
March 1744 – 28 Sept 1748
end May 1751 – Sept 1752
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Predecessor
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Successor
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Personal details
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Born
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Died
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Previous post
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Life
The first time that Paisius
was elected as Patriarch of Constantinople was 20 November 1726, the day when Callinicus III was found dead by heart attack before his enthronement: Paisius was
immediately chosen by the faction that previously elected Callinicus to
preclude a return to the throne of Jeremias III.[2]:47 The first years of his reign were marked by clashes
with the faction gathered around the community of Caesarea, whose main
representatives were Jeremias III and later Neophytus VI, despite
the fact that Paisius himself was born in this town. In 1731 this faction tried
to depose him and to restore Jeremias, but failed. A second attempt in
September 1732 was successful, when Jeremias III overthrew him.[3] When later Jeremias had to retire due to health problems, a Patriarch from
Nicomedia (Serapheim I) followed
and later again one from Caesarea (Neophytus VI) who reigned six years.
The reign of Neophytus VI was
ended by a decision of the Grand Vizier, who
allowed Paisius to be reinstalled for his second term in August 1740. However
three years later, in May 1743, Paisius was deposed by the Ottoman authorities for financial issues and Neophytus VI was restored.[3]
The third reign of Paisius
began in March 1744, when he overthrew Neophytus. Shortly after however a new opponent
arose: the Metropolitan of Nicomedia and future Patriarch Cyril V Karakallos, who voiced the complaints against him and was able to depose him on 28
September 1748. The complaints were due mainly to Paisius' financial management
of the millet, i.e. the Christian civil community ruled by the
Patriarch: to reduce the high levels of debts, Paisius increased the taxation
particularly of the laity, and this caused discontent with him.[3]
Paisius II's fourth term was
an interlude in the reign of Cyril V, and began in last days of May 1751 when
Cyril was actually deposed by the Metropolitans both because of his regulations
on taxes and because of his strong position in favor of the necessity of re-baptism of Armenian and Latin converts. Cyril however was supported by a large portion of the populace
and by the demagogic monk Auxentios, who instigated riots which culminated in a
violent assault on the Patriarchate and the seizure of Paisius himself.[4] Paisius was subsequently deposed and Cyril V was reinstated on 7 September
1752 after a gift to the Ottoman authorities of 45,000 piastres.[5]:166
After his fourth and final
deposition, Paisius retired in the monastery of Kamariotissa on island of Halki, where he died on 11 December
1756.[3]
Notes
4. Jump up^ Frazee, Charles (2006). Catholics and sultans :
the church and the Ottoman Empire, 1453-1923. London: Cambridge University
Press. pp. 160–2. ISBN 0-521-02700-4.
5. Jump up^ Papadopoullos, Theodōros
(1952). Studies and documents relating to the history of
the Greek Church and people under Turkish domination. Brussels. p. 166.
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